Uraqix Jisk'akiwa sas uñacht'ayirinakaD. Russell Humphreys, Ph.D. jupan qillqata
D. Russell Humphreys, Ph.D. jupan qillqata
12 Yatiñampisa Amuyumpisa Chiqanchawinakaxa Uñacht'ayiri 
Taqpach Uñstayatax 10.000 marat juk'amp jisk'akiwa
https://wwwcreationism.org/aymara/YoungWorld_ay.htm
Apst'ata: Uñstayäwix Wakiskiriwa, Pusiñiqir Tanta, Pusiñiqir Yatiyäwi - Julio / Agosto 1999
Creation Research Society (CRS) ukan pä phaxsit may kuti misturi yatiyäwipa
Dr. Humphreys jupasa CRS ukhamarakiw iyaw sapxiwa
"Mä Wayna Pachamamataki Qhananchäwinaka" copiañataki (akampi chika
akïr yatiyäwimpi) kawkir yatichäwi, jan qullqi thaqhir amtanakatakisa.

Akax tunka payani pachamaman lurawinakapawa, pachapachax waranq waranqa maraniwa siski uka evolución amuyumpi ch'axwiri. Aka qhipar qillqat jakhuwinakaxa (walja kuti waranqa waranqa/waranqa waranqa maranaka) sapa mayni lurawimpi uñstayat jach'a maranakapawa, janiw chiqpach maranakapäkiti. Aka jakhuwinakaxa sapa mayni yänakataki teoría evolutiva-n mayit maranakapawa. Amuyt'añax akawa: jach'a maranakax sapa kutiw mayit maranakat sipan juk'amp jisk'akiwa, ukampirus Biblia-n marapax (6.000 ukhamarak 10.000 maranaka) sapa kutiw jach'a maranak taypinxa sum qamasi. Ukhamasti, aynachan uñstki uka 12 yänakaxa, evolución pachan jakäwipat contra ukhamaraki Biblia pachan jakäwipatakiw mä qhanañchäwiwa.

Juk'amp pisi marani uraqit uñacht'äwinakax utjiwa, ukampirus aka yänakax juk'a arunaka ukat jan ch'amäñapataki ajllista. Aka listan yaqhip yänakax mä jaya pachampi iyaw sañjamawa, ukampirus jan iyawsañjam ukat jan uñacht'ayat amuyunakampi; yaqhipanakasti mä pisi marani pachampikiw askïspa. Aka listax jaya warawaranakan uñstawinakapampiw qallti ukat uraqiruw saraqkiri, sapa uru chiqanakampiw tukuyi.

1.. Warawaranaka jank'akiw muyt'asipxi
2.. Warawaranaka jank'akiw chhaqtawayapxi
3.. Lamar quta manqhan janiw walja ñiq'ix utjkiti
4.. Lamar qutanxa janiw walja sodio utjkiti
5.. Uraqina imán ch'amapaxa sinti jank'akiw chhaqtaski
6.. Walja patanakax sinti ch'irmthapita
7.. Inyectat ch'alla qalatpacha geológico "pachanaka" jisk'aptayi
8.. Fósiles ukan radioactividadapax geológico "pachanaka" juk'a maranakaruw jisk'aptayi
9.. Helio jani wakiskir chiqanakan
10. Qala pachan p'iqinakax janiw waljäkiti
11. Yapuchäwixa jichhak qalltawayi
12.. Nayra pacha sarnaqäwix juk'akiwa

  1. Galaxianakaxa jank'akiw muyt'asipxi
Jiwasan warawar qamawisan, Warawar Thakhin warawaranakapaxa, qamawisan taypi ch'iqaparuw mayj mayja jank'akay muyupxi, manqhankirinakax anqankirinakat sipan juk'amp jank'akiw muyupxi. Uñjatmuyu jank 'akayapax wali jank'akiwa, ukhamasti jiwasan qamawisasax patak patak waranqa waranqa maranit sipan juk'amp nayra pachankkaspa ukhaxa, jichha muyu uñnaqapat sipansa, mä jan uñnaqani warawar diskukiw ukhamäkaspa

.1 Ukampirusa, jiwasan qamawisasax tunka waranqa waranqa maranikaspas ukham amuyasi. Evolucionistanakaxa akax "muyt'añan ch'amakt'awi" sasaw sapxi, ukasti phisqa tunka maranakaw yatipxi. Uka qhanañchañatakix walja teorianakwa uñstayapxi, ukampirus sapa mayniw mä juk'a pacha uñt'atäxasax jan wali tukusiraki. Uka pachpa "muyt'añan ch'amakt'awixa" yaqha galaxianakanakansa ukhamarakiw utjaraki.

Qhipa tunka maranakanxa, uka ch'amakt'awi askichañatakix juk'amp iyawsat yant'awixa "ch'amañchawi thalanaka" sutini mä ch'ama teoría ukawa. 1 Aka amuyt'awix amuyt'añatakix ch'amawa, munañjamakiw wali suma wakicht'atañapa, ukat jichhakamax Hubble Aruma Uñch'ukirix "Whirlpool" M51 warawaran taypi ch'uqipan wali suma muyu uñnaqap jikxatap laykux jach'a pächasiñanakaw utjayi.

Uñxatt'arakim: Tatitux Uraq Pach Uñstayäwi Simanatpach "Alaxpach Jach'aptayiwa"
 

  2. Warawaranakax sinti jank'akiw t'unjasi
Evolucionismo amuyuru arsuñjamaxa, warawaranakax sistema solar ukamp pachpa maranïñapawa, niya 5 waranqa waranqa marani. Ukampirusa, sapa kuti mä warawara Inti jak'ar muyt'ki ukhaxa, ukata ancha walja yänakap chhaqtayi, ukhamat janiw 100.000 marat juk'amp jaya jakkaspati. Walja warawaranakax 10.000 maranïpxiwa.3

Evolucionistanakax aka jan pachpakankañxa akham amuyt'apxi: (a) warawaranakax jan uñjat muyu "Oort phuyu" satat jutapxi, ukax Pluton-an muyupat jaya pachanwa; (b) janiw suyat ch'amañcht'asiwinakax juk'a kuti pasiri warawaranakampi, warawaranakarux Inti muytaru jaquntapxi; ukat (c) yaqha janiw suyat mayachasiwinakax planetanakampi jutir warawaranakarux juk'at juk'at jisk'aptayi, ukhamat patak patak uñjat warawaranakatakix pachanïñapataki.4 Jichhakamaxa, aka amuyunakax janiw maynisa chiqäkaspa ukham uñacht'ayatakiti, jan uñakipäwinakampi jan ukax chiqap jakhuwinakampi.

Jichha pachanakanxa, "Kuiper Cinturón" tuqit walja aruskipäwiw utji, ukax mä disco ukhamawa, cometanakan qalltapawa sasaw amuyasi, sistema solar-an pampapan jikxatasi, Plutón-an muyup anqäxan. Uka chiqan chullunkhi t'unanakax utjkchisa, janiw chiqpachapuni evolución tuqit yatxatirinakan jan walt'äwip askichaspati, kunatix teoría evolutiva ukarjamaxa, Kuiper Cinturón ukax jank'akiw tukusxaspa, jan mä Oort Nube ukax phuqhachañatak utjkaspaxa.

  3. Quta manqhan janiw walja ñiq'ix utjkiti
Sapa mara, umanakampi thayanakampixa niya 25 waranqa waranqa tonelada laq'ampi qaqampi uraqpachanaka tuqita t'unjasina lamar qutaru jaquntapxi.5 Akayänakaxa llamp'u laq'a (i.e., ñiq'i) ukham lamar quta manqha ch'ullqi basáltico (lava-t lurat) qaqapana tantachasi.Taqpach lamar quta manqhanxa, uraqpachanaka thiyanaka ukhamaraki, taqpach ñiq'inakan chika manqhapaxa 400 metronakata juk'ampi jisk'akiwa.6

Quta manqhat laq'a apsuñatakix jach'a yatiñax p'allqa t'uqkirinakan manqharu mantañapawa. Ukax sañ muni, quta manqhax k'achat k'achata (sapa maran mä qawqha cm) uraqpachanaka manqharu llusk'i, mä qawqha laq'anakampi chika. Pachanaka tukuyir maranakan yatiñ qillqatanakarjamaxa, uka lurawix jichhax sapa maran mä waranqa millón tuniladakiki apsu.6 Kunjamtix yatisixa, uka yaqha pa tunk pusini waranqa millón tuniladanakax sapa maranxa, ukhamakiw tantachasiski. Uka jank'akïpanxa, laq'a t'unxatawix jichha utjki uka laq'a 12 waranqa waranqa maranak janïr phuqhasin ucharaspawa.

Ukampirusa, evolución tuqita amuyt'awirjamaxa, laq'a t'unxatawimpi placa chhaqtawimpix lamar qutanakax utjkipanpachaw sarantaski, kimsa waranqa waranqa maranakaw sasaw sapxi. Ukhamäspaxa, uka jank'akïwix amuyt'ayiwa lamar qutanakax walja laq'ampi wich'uqatatäspawa, tunka tunka kilometronaka manqharu. Yaqha amuyt'awixa (Uraqi Uñstayirinakan amuyuparjama) akham siwa: Génesis panka tuqinkir Jach'a Llijt'äwi umanakaxa uraqinakata jalaqtasina, jichha utjki uka ñiq'i taqpachwa mä juk'a pachana, niya 5000 maranak nayra, ucharantatayna.

  4. Lamanxan janiw walja sodionix utjkiti
Sapa mara, jawiranakasa7 yaqha jalsunakasa9 450 millón tuniladat sipan jila sodio lamar qutar jaquntapxi. Sapa maranxa, aka sodiotxa 27% ukakiw lamar qutat mistuñ atipxi.8,9 Kunjamtix yatisixa, puchu ukax lamar qutan tantachasiñakiwa. Janitix lamar qutax qalltan sodionïkaspäna ukhaxa, jichha mantañanakampi mistuñanakampix jichha utjki uka jakhüwipxa 42 millón maranakat sipan juk'amp jisk'a pachan tantachaspäna.9 Akax lamar qutan evolución tuqit maranakapat sipanx wali juk'akiwa, kimsa waranqa millón maranaka. Aka jan walt'äwirux sapa kuti jaysäwix akawa: nayra pachanakanx sodio mantawix juk'amp juk'akiw utjañapa, ukat mistuwipasti juk'amp jach'a. Ukampirus, evolución tuqit amuyt'awinakarux juk'amp jach'ar uñtasaw jakhthapitanakax lurasiski, ukhamarus jach'a marapax 62 millón maranikamakiw sasaw uñacht'ayi.9 Yaqha walja lamar quta uman utjiri elementonakatakix jakhthapitanakax10 lamar qutax juk'amp waynakiw sasaw uñacht'ayi.

  5. Uraqina imantat ch'amapax sinti jank'akiw chhaqtaski
Uraqina imantat ch'amapaxa, qhipa 1000 maranakanxa, sapa kuti 2.7 ukham jisk'aptaskiwa.11 Uka jank'a jisk'aptäwi, ukhamaraki kunjams Uraqix waranqa waranqa maranakpacha imantat ch'amap imasiskaspa uk qhanañchiri pachamama jilxattäwi amuyunakaxa, wali ch'amawa ukat janirakiw ask ikiti.

Mä juk'ampi suma lurata amuyuw utji. Qhanawa, suma física yatxatäwiru sayt'atawa, ukatsti uka ch'amana walja kasta uñstawinakap qhananchi: kunjam uñstayata, Génesis pankan jach'a umantäw pachan jank'a kutt'äwinaka, Criston pachakama patankir ch'amapan jisk'aptäwinakapa ukhamaraki jilxattäwinakapa, ukatsti uka pachata jichhakamax sapa kuti jisk'aptaskakiwa.12 Aka amuyt'awix nayra imantat imantañ yatxatäwinakampi, nayra pacha qillqatanakampi, ukhamaraki jichha pacha yatiyäwinakampi chikachasi.13 Jach'a amuyux akawa: uka ch'amana taqpach ch'amapax (janiw patankir ch'amapakiti) pachanpachaw jichha pachjam jan ukax juk'amp jank'aki jisk'aptaski. Uka jank'akayampixa, uka ch'amawixa janiw 10.000 marat jiläñapäkiti.14

  6. Walja patanakax sinti ch'ikkatatawa
Walja qullu qullu chiqanakanxa, waranqa waranqa kayuni qala patanakax k'uchuta ukat ch'ikhuratawa, ch'ankha k'uchu uñnaqaru. Uñt'at geológico pacha tupuñax siwa, aka luratanakax patak waranq waranqa maranakaw manqharu imantatäna ukat chullqhirayasiwayi, janïr k'uchuyatäkasina. Ukampirusa, uka k'uchuyawix jan p'akjasaw lurasïna, ukham jisk'a muyt'anakampi, ukhamat taqpach uka luratax ch'aran ukat jan chullqhirayatäñapänwa k'uchuyawix luraskäna ukhaxa. Akax amuyt'ayiwa, uka k'uchuyawix waranq maranakat juk'a pachakiw lurasïna, qalanakax uñstayatäxän uka qhipatxa.15

  7. Inyectat ch'alla qalatpacha geológico "pachanaka" jisk'aptayi
Ch'ullqi geológico uñacht'äwinakaw utji16, ukax sañ muni, Ute Pass p'akjawin, Colorado Springs uksan inti jalant tuqinkir, Cambrian Sawatch ch'alla qala -mä 500 millón maranak nayra uñstayata sata- ukax janïraw qhallasirïkänti, Rocky Mountains qullunaka jilxattkäna ukhaxa, 70 millón maranak nayra sata, uraq patar anqar mistunïna ukhaxa. Janiw iyawsañjamäkiti uka ch'alla qalax manqhapachan 430 millón maranak utjatayna ukhax jan ch'ulluptatäkaspa ukha. Jan ukasti, amuyasiwa uka pä geológico luräwinakax patak maranakats juk'amp jayankatayna, ukhamat geológico pacha tupu jach'at jisk'aptayasa.

  8. Fósil radioactividadax geológico "pachanaka" juk'a maranakaruw jisk'aptayi
Radiohalos ukax qala cristalanakan jisk'a radioactivo mineralanakan muytapan uñstiri samin muyt'anakawa. Ukanakax radioactivo t'unjasitapat pacha qhiparat uñacht'äwiwa. 17 "Ch'irkatata" Polonium-210 radiohalos ukax Colorado pampa patan Jurassic, Triassic, ukhamarak Eocene uka uñstayatanakax maynit maynikam phaxsinakan uchatatap uñacht'ayi, janiw pachak waranq waranqa maranak sapa maynit sapa maynikam jayankapkiti, kunjamtix jichhürunakan pacha jakhüwix mayki ukhama.18 "Wakcha" Polonium-218 radiohalonakaxa, janiw tayka elementunakapata qhananchäwinikiti, ukhamax mäki luratatapata jan ukax radioactividad t'unjañan jank'ak mayjt'awinakapata amuyt'ayi.19,20

  9. Jani wakiskir chiqanakan Helio
Taqi pachamamat jalsu radioactivo elementonakax t'unjasipki ukhax helio uñstayapxi. Uka t'unjañax waranqa waranqa maranakaw utjawaypachäna, evolucionistanakan sataparjamaxa, walja heliow Uraqin thayaparu mantañapänwa. Pachamamat anqäxar helio chhaqtañapax jakthapirjamawa ukat juk'akiwa. Uka chhaqtaw amuyt'asaxa, jichhürunakan pachamamax phisqa waranqa millón maranakan tantachasiñapäkäna uka heliot 0.05% ukakiwa utji.21 Akax sañ muniwa, pachamamax evolución tuqit sasin amuyat maranakat sipan juk'amp waynakiwa.

Journal of Geophysical Research uka qillqatan uñstayat mä yatxatäwixa uñacht'ayiwa, manqha, junt'u qalanakan radioactivo t'unjañampi uñstayat heliox janiw mistuñatakix pachanïkiti. Uka qalanakax waranq waranq waranq maranit sipansa jilïriwa sapkchisa, jach'a helio katxaruñapax waranq waranq maranakakiw utjiri ukham amuyt'ayi.22

  10. Qala pachan ch'akhanakax janiw waljäkiti
Evolucionista antropólogos ukanakax sapxiwa, ch'uqi pachax juk'ampis 100.000 maranakaw utjäna, uka pachanakana Neanderthal ukhamarak Cro-magnon jaqinakana akapachan jakirinakapax niya pachpakïnwa, 1 ukhamarak 10 millón taypina. Taqi uka pachanxa jiwatanakaparux lurat yänakapampi imantapxäna.23 Aka amuyurjamaxa, jupanakax pusi waranqa waranqa janchinak imantapxañapänwa.24 Pachapata amuyt'awix chiqäspa ukhaxa, ukat imantat ch'akhanakax juk'amp jaya pachatak utjaspa ukhaxa 100.000 maranakat sipansa juk'ampi jaya pacha (kunjamatix "70 millón marani" dinosaurionakax ukhamarakiwa), ukhamax, uka amuyt'at 4 waranqa millón qala pachan ch'akhanakapax waljaniw jichhakamax utjañapänwa (ukat chiqpachapuniw imantat yänakapas ukhamaraki). Ukampirus, mä qawqha waranqakikiw jikxatasiwayi. Akax amuyt'ayiwa, qala pachax evolucionistanakan amuyupat sipansa juk'ampi jisk'akiwänwa, walja chiqanakanxa mä qawqha patak maranikiwänwa.

  11. Yapuchäwix wali machaqakiwa
Evolucionistanakan amuyuparjamaxa, jaqinakax qala pachan 100.000 maranakaw uywa katurinakasa, apthapirinakasa ukham jakasipxatayna, ukat 10.000 marat juk'a nayraw yapuchañ yatiqapxatayna.23 Ukampirusa, nayra yänak jikxatatanakax uñacht'ayiwa, qala pachan jaqinakax jiwasanakjam amuyt'asirïnwa. Janiw iyawsañjamäkiti, 10 uka chiqan aytat pusi waranqa waranqa jaqinakat maynisa janiw yatiqkänti aliqanakax jathanakat jilsunipxi ukxa. Juk'ampis amuyasiñawa, jaqinakax juk'a patak maranakakiw jan yapuchañanïpkänti lamar quta jalsu qhipatxa, jan ukax inas janipuniw ukhamäkänti.24

  12. Nayra pacha sarnaqäwix juk'akiwa
Evolucionistanakarjamaxa, qala pachan jaqinakaxa 100.000 maranakaw jakasipxatayna, 4000 jan ukax 5000 maranak nayra qillqatanaka lurañ qalltañkama. Nayra jaqinakax jach'a qalanakamp pirqatanak lurapxäna, suma p'iyan jamuq'anaka lurapxäna, ukhamarak phaxsin muyt'awinakap qillqantapxäna.25 Kunatsa waranqa patak maranak suyt'añapäna, uka pachpa yatiñanakampi nayra sarnaqäwinak qillqantañataki? Biblia-n pacha tupuwapax juk'amp chiqäkaspa ukhamawa.24
 

    REFERENCES

1. Scheffler, H. and H. Elsasser, Physics of the Galaxy and Interstellar Matter, Springer-Verlag (1987) Berlin, pp. 352-353, 401-413.
2. D. Zaritsky et al., Nature, July 22, 1993. Sky & Telescope, December 1993, p. 10.
3. Steidl, P. F., “Planets, comets, and asteroids,” in Design and Origins in Astronomy, G. Mulfinger, ed., Creation Research Society Books (1983), pp. 73-106.
4. Whipple, F. L., “Background of modern comet theory,” Nature 263 (2 Sept 1976) 15.
5. Gordeyev, V. V. et al., “The average chemical composition of suspensions in the world’s rivers and the supply of sediments to the ocean by streams,” Dockl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 238 (1980) 150.
6. Hay, W. W., et al., “Mass/age distribution and composition of sediments on the ocean floor and the global rate of subduction,” Journal of Geophysical Research, 93, No B12 (10 December 1988) 14,933-14,940.
7. Maybeck, M., “Concentrations des eaux fluviales en elements majeurs et apports en solution aux oceans,” Rev. de Geol. Dyn. Geogr. Phys. 21 (1979) 215.
8. Sayles, F. L. and P. C. Mangelsdorf, “Cation-exchange characteristics of Amazon River suspended sediment and its reaction with seawater,” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 41 (1979) 767.
9. Austin, S. A. and D. R. Humphreys, “The sea’s missing salt: a dilemma for evolutionists,” in Proc. 2nd Internat. Conf. on Creationism, Vol. II, Creation Science Fellowship (1991).
10. Austin, S. A., “Evolution: the oceans say no!” ICR Impact No. 8 (Oct. 1973) Institute for Creation Research.
11. Merrill, R. T. and M. W. McElhinney, The Earth’s Magnetic Field, Academic Press (1983) London, pp. 101-106.
12. Humphreys, D. R., “Reversals of the earth’s magnetic field during the Genesis Flood,” in Proc. 1st Internat. Conf. on Creationism, Vol. II, Creation Science Fellowship (1987), pp. 113-126.
13. Coe, R. S., M. Prévot, and P. Camps, “New evidence for extraordinarily rapid change of the geomagnetic field during a reversal,” Nature 374 (20 April 1995) pp. 687-92.
14. Humphreys, D. R., “Physical mechanism for reversals of the earth’s magnetic field during the Flood,” in Proc. 2nd Intern. Conf. on Creationism, Vol. II, Creation Science Fellowship (1991).
15. Austin, S. A. and J. D. Morris, “Tight folds and clastic dikes as evidence for rapid deposition and deformation of two very thick stratigraphic sequences,” in Proc. 1st Internat. Conf. on Creationism, Vol. II, Creation Science Fellowship (1986), pp. 3-15.
16. Ibid, pp. 11-12.
17. Gentry, R. V., “Radioactive halos,” Annual Review of Nuclear Science 23 (1973) 347-362.
18. Gentry, R. V. et al., “Radiohalos in coalified wood: new evidence relating to time of uranium introduction and coalification,” Science 194 (15 Oct. 1976) 315-318.
19. Gentry, R. V., “Radiohalos in a radiochronological and cosmological perspective,” Science 184 (5 Apr. 1974) 62-66.
20. Gentry, R. V., Creation’s Tiny Mystery, Earth Science Associates (1986) P.O. Box 12067, Knoxville, TN 37912-0067, pp. 23-37, 51-59, 61-62.
21. Vardiman, L., The Age of the Earth’s Atmosphere: a Study of the Helium Flux through the Atmosphere, Institute for Creation Research (1990) P.O. Box 2667, El Cajon, CA 92021.
22. Gentry, R. V. et al., “Differential helium retention in zircons: implications for nuclear waste management,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 9 (Oct. 1982) 1129-1130. See also ref. 20, pp. 169-170.
23. Deevey, E. S., “The human population,” Scientific American 203 (Sept. 1960) 194-204.
24. Marshak, A., “Exploring the mind of Ice Age man,” Nat. Geog. 147 (Jan. 1975) 64-89.
25. Dritt, J. O., “Man's earliest beginnings: discrepancies in the evolutionary timetable,” in Proc. 2nd Internat. Conf. on Creationism, Vol. I., Creation Science Fellowship (1990), pp. 73-78.
 

Dr. Russell Humphreys, a Senior Physicist at Sandia National Laboratories, is a board member of the Creation Research Society, and is a leader in the Creation Science Fellowship of Albuquerque.

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